Improving Project Outcomes With Proper Project Integration Management

by Nick T

Project Integration Management

Project Integration Management improves the project management process by organizing and coordinating the activities. Because it accounts for resource allocation, managing interdependencies, and balancing competing goals, it is an effective methodology to approach project management.

Project Integration Management Process, Project Integration

Project Integration Management

Project Integration Management Basics

Project integration management involves coordinating the various components of a project, including the objectives, stakeholders, resources, and activities. It may also incorporate conflict management as it pertains to the varying components and constituents and the evaluation of resources to support competing agendas.

The decision between coming in under budget and finishing on time is an example of project integration management because it involves evaluating multiple factors against the goal.

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The concept of integrated project management prevents projects from being managed without coordination with the whole. This holistic approach considers how elements of the project relate to each other and the organization.

Project Management Process Groups

There are 47 processes in project management, which are grouped into ten Knowledge Areas mapped to the five Process Groups.

Process Groups

The five process groups in the project life cycle include Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring/Controlling, and Closing. These make up the headings of each column when you organize your project. To effectively manage the project, it is important to understand the inputs, tools, techniques, and outputs for each process group. Examples are provided indicated in the table:

Inputs

Tools / Techniques

Outputs

Initiating

Meetings
Expert judgment

Project charter
Stakeholder register
Project manager selected

Planning

Project charter
Stakeholder register

Meetings
Expert judgment

Project plan
Work breakdown structure
Budget

Executing

Work performance information
Budget

Meetings
Project Management Information System (PMIS)

Project document updates
Budget updates

Monitoring / Controlling

Process assets
Work performance information
Budget

Meetings
Project Management Information System (PMIS)

Work performance report
Project plan updates
Budget updates

Closing

Project charter
Stakeholder register
Process assets
Budget documents

Meetings
Project Management Information System (PMIS)

Closing summary

Project Management Knowledge Areas

The 10 knowledge areas include Integration Management, Scope Management, Time Management, Cost Management, Quality Management, Human Resources Management, Communication Management, Risk Management, Procurement Management, and Stakeholders Management. These comprise the row headers.

All of the activities fall into a grid that, when organized, looks something like this.

Knowledge Areas, project management knowledge areas, project management process groups

Project Management Process Groups

Initiating

Planning

Executing

Monitoring / Controlling

Closing

Integration Management

Develop Project Charter

Develop Project Management Plan

Direct and Manage Project Work

Monitor and control Project Work, Perform integrated Change Control

Close Project or Phase

Scope Management

Plan Scope Management, Collect Requirements, Define Scope, Create WBS

Activity Cost Estimate

Deliverables Status

Change Log

Time Management

Plan Schedule Management, Define Activities, Sequence Activities, Estimate Activity Resources, Estimate Activities Durations, Develop Schedule

Control Schedule

Cost Management

Plan Cost Management, Estimate Costs, Determine Budget

Control Cost

Quality Management

Plan Quality Management

Perform Quality Assurance

Control Quality

HR Management

Plan Human Resource Management

Acquire Project Team, Develop Project Team, Manage Project Team

Communication Management

Plan Communication Management

Manage Communication

Control Communication

Risk Management

Plan Risk Management, Identify Risks, Perform Qualitative Risk analysis, Perform Quantitative Risk, Plan Risk Progress

Control Risks

Procurement Management

Plan Procurement Management

Conduct Procurement

Control Procurement

Close Procurement

Stakeholder Management

Identify Stakeholders

Plan Stakeholder Management

Manage Stakeholder Engagement

Control Stakeholder Engagement

Project Integration Management Processes

There are seven project integration management processes that are essential.

These include:

  • Developing The Project Charter: This is the phase where the mission is evaluated and the goals defined so that there is clarity as the project evolves. Doing this well makes it possible for better decisions to be made throughout the project.

Check out the Project Charter Template here

  • Developing The Project Management Plan: This is when the plan is designed, accounting for the resources, tasks, and timing.

Check out the Project management plan here

  • Managing The Project Work: During this phase, active efforts must be taken to ensure all team members are working toward the goal. Realignment of priorities is key at this stage.
  • Managing The Dissemination Of Project Knowledge: Effective communication of key information is an often overlooked step. As projects evolve, pockets of information are collected by constituents. Effective managers recognize this and take steps to share the information with all constituents.
  • Monitoring Project Work: This effort should be incorporated throughout the project to ensure that all efforts are up to the defined standards. This will ensure key misses don’t occur.
  • Performing Integrated Change Control: This involves reviewing change requests to approve or deny changes, manage their impact on the big picture, organize the information, document the changes, and communicate key information to involved parties.
  • Completing The Project: This involves ensuring that the project crosses the finish line and achieves the objectives. This often-overlooked step closes the loop on all essential details and ensures that future projects can leverage the learning from previous efforts.

Project Integration Management Deliverables

To successfully manage all parts of a given project, the discipline of project integration management creates deliverables that include the project charter scope statement and plan.

  • The Project Charter: The project charter states the goals and objectives and defines the roles and responsibilities for the project's onset. Used as the foundation document for the project, it is held by the project manager to drive the initiative to completion.
  • Scope Statement: The scope statement is a living document intended to be edited as the scope changes. It defines the parts of the project's part sights the work to be completed, setting forth a success measure.

Check out the Project Scope Statement Template here.

  • Project Management Plan: The project management plan describes how the various processes may coordinate to achieve optimal efficiency and productivity. It is included in the project plan and is designed to effectively guide the project.

Project Stages

Though projects vary in scope and complexity, they share five common stages: project initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, and closure.

Project Initiation is the start of the project. This stage's primary objective is to come to a consensus on the broad definition of the project. Research regarding the feasibility of a project is undertaken at this phase, and the requirements of the project are defined explicitly with the business case, stakeholders, etc.

Planning involves the creation of a plan that everyone can follow. Clear, quantifiable goals are spelled out, and things like costs, resources, and timetable are assessed. Accountability plans are also created to help keep the project on track.

During the execution stage, deliverables are created and completed. Likened to the meat of the project, there is a great deal that takes place during this stage, including:

  • The development of the team.
  • Assignment of resources.
  • Execution of project management plans.
  • Task assignment and status meetings.
  • Scheduling and more.

Finally, when the project is completed, there is a period of closure of the project's closures and failures will be reviewed to develop future improvements and plans for future improvements developed at this point.

Improve Project Integration Management with Techno Project Management

Effective project integration management is key to the success of any project. Balancing competing needs can be challenging, and planning, especially amid uncertain times, can be challenging. Levering the proper visualization tools for complex scenarios is a key factor in project management success.

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